This guide is about what the law says on freedom of expression in England and Wales, specifically in universities and other higher education environments.

It provides practical advice on how to protect freedom of speech and makes it clear to students what they should expect from their institutions. It includes:

• all current available guidance that helps to protect free speech on campus
• information about the relevant laws and legal issues to consider
• definitions for terms related to freedom of expression, such as 'hate speech', 'trigger warnings' and 'no-platforming'
• case studies to help higher education providers and students' unions to promote and protect free speech

We have also produced guidance for institutions in Scotland.